There are many variations on the basic recipe of bread, including pizza, chapatis, tortillas, baguettes, brioche, pitas, lavash, biscuits, pretzels, naan, bagels, puris, and many other variations.

• In Mexico bread is called pan. Although corn tortillas are the staple bread in most of Mexico, breadrolls in many varieties are an important daily food for city dwellers. Popular breads in Mexico include the bolillo roll and pan dulce. Pan Dolce, which is Spanish for “sweet bread”, is primarily eaten at breakfast.
• In Peru, pan has many variations due to the diversity of Peruvian cuisine. People usually eat Pan de piso, and Pan serrano. There are also some kind of bread made by potatoes, currently popular in the Andes. Bizcochos are sweet bread usually eaten with some butter and hot chocolate.
• In Spain bread is also called pan, and there are many varieties, about 315. There is a region called Tierra del Pan (literally translated as “Land of the Bread”), located in the province of Zamora, where economy was in the past joined to this activity.

photo credit: quinn.anya

• In the Philippines, pandesal (or pan de sal; literally, salt bread) is a rounded bread usually eaten by Filipinos during breakfast.
• Germany prides itself on having the largest variety of breads worldwide. More than 300-500 basic kinds of bread come together with more than 1,000 types of small bread-rolls and pastries. It has been estimated that the basic kinds of bread are so widely varied by more than 16,000 local bakeries that more than 1,000 different breads have been presented at a 2005 Cologne bread show. ^[9]Germans are worldwide the biggest consumers (per capita) of bread followed by Chile [2]
• Finland and Russia both have dark, sourdough breads made of rye. Traditional Finnish rye bread is disc-shaped, with a hole in the center for easier storing. These breads have a rougher composition and a stronger taste than wheat bread, and can thus be stored for longer periods of time. Some families may still have leaven they use for baking these bread handed down from generation to the next.
• In Britain there is a wide variety of traditional bread, often baked in a rectangular tin.

photo credit: robstephaustralia

• In the United States, the most popular bread has traditionally been soft-textured, usually made with milk and slightly sweet, with a thin crust; this is the type that is generally sold ready-sliced in packages. It is usually eaten with the crust, but some eaters or preparers may remove the crust due to a personal preference or style of serving, as for afternoon tea. Some of the softest bread including Wonder Bread, is referred to as “balloon bread”. Though white “sandwich bread” is the most popular, Americans are trending towards more whole grain and artisanal breads. Different regions of the country feature native bread varieties including scali (an Italian-style bread made in New England), Native American frybread (a product of hardship, developed during the Indian resettlements of the 19th century), and Jewish rye, a bread commonly associated with delicatessen cuisine. In addition, many foreign styles of bread, particularly the French baguette, the Ashkenazi Jewish bagel, Italian ciabatta, and the Middle Eastern pita bread, have become naturalized in the United States. The San Francisco Bay Area is world-famous for its crusty sourdough.
• In South Asia ( India, Pakistan, etc.), Roti or Chapati, types of flat breads, are commonly used. A variant uses mustard flour rather than white flour. Another variant is Puri, a thin flat bread which is fried rather than baked and puffs up while cooked. Paratha is another variation on Roti. Naan, however, is baked in a Tandoor or clay oven and is rarely prepared at home. White and brown breads are also very common, but not as much as Roti.

photo credit: Aine D

• Jews have traditionally baked challah, a type of egg bread with a thin, hard crust and a soft, well-leavened center. It is made by wrapping plaits of dough and then lightly baking them in an oven. Challah is sometimes sweetened using honey and sometimes includes raisins. During Passover, unleavened bread in the form of various types of matzo is required due to the Biblical injunction to avoid any form of leaven during this time of year. There is some debate within the Jewish community as to whether dairy products are allowed in kosher bread; some authorities maintain that bread must be strictly pareve to avoid combining meat and dairy in the same meal, while others feel it is acceptable as long as a sign of some sort (usually a different loaf shape, but others are known) is baked into the loaf to distinguish it from pareve bread.
• In Morocco and West North Africa, a round bread which is roughly four inches tall is used to eat most of the Mediterranean’s watery cuisine. They also have a thick and chewy fried bread which is smothered in oil before hand. The Rghifa bread is a staple in Morocco’s food and consists of several layers of lightly cooked bread.
• In Scotland, another form of bread called plain bread is also consumed. Plain bread loaves are noticeably taller and thinner, with burned crusts at only the top and bottom of the loaf. Plain bread has a much firmer texture than English and American pan bread. Plain Bread is becoming less common as the bread consumed elsewhere in Britain is becoming more popular with consumers.
• In France, pan bread is known as pain de mie and is used only for toast or for making stuffing; standard bread (in the form of baguettes or thicker breads) has a thick crust and often has large bubbles of air inside. It is often baked three times daily and is sold totally unwrapped to keep the crust crisp. Some fancy breads contain walnuts, or are encrusted with poppy seeds.
• Italy sports many different kinds of bread with its high geographical variability and its long history of political division contributing to the development of widely different breadmaking recipes and traditions. As a rule of thumb breadrolls are much more popular than large loaves and bread has a small quantity of olive oil mixed in the dough to make it softer and more palatable.
• Focaccia is quite popular in Italy, and is known in Provence as fougasse or as fouace in parts of southern France, the former name is becoming increasingly common and fougasse can now be bought all over France. It is usually seasoned with olive oil and herbs, and often either topped with cheese or stuffed with meat or vegetables. Focaccia doughs are similar in style and texture to pizza doughs.
• Stottie cake is a thick, flat, round loaf. Stotties are common in the North East of England. Although it is called a cake, it is a type of bread.
• Being the simplest, cheapest and most basic type of food, bread is often referred as a metaphor for “food” in general, in some languages and dialects, such as Greek.
• Christian traditional societies (usually in poor communities), used to respect bread since Jesus symbolised his body with it. The sign of the cross was performed with the knife on the bread’s surface, before the loaf was cut. Sometimes it was considered a sin to desecrate bread (e.g., throw it away).^{[original research?]}
• In China the traditional Chinese bread is Mantou, a white flour dough that is mostly eaten in Northern China. Can be eaten deep fried or having meat or lotus ingredients inside them (like Char Siu Bao). The traditional staple food of Southern China is rice, and older or more conservative southern Chinese consider rice to be the most essential element of a meal. Meals made of bread, such as a sandwich, are seen by older people as mere snacks no matter how substantial.
• In Ireland, it is traditionally held that the end of a loaf of bread (the ‘heel’ or ‘hilt’ of the loaf) is the best part of the loaf. Other stories and myths surround this piece of the bread in Irish Mythology. Irish soda bread, developed to make the most of the soft wheat grown in Ireland, is unusual for a European bread in that it is a quick bread, using the reaction of buttermilk and baking soda rather than yeast to rise.
• There are different types of traditional ‘cheese breads’ in many countries, including Brazil, Colombia, Italy and Russia.